Dockerfile构建Springboot镜像
## 简介 > 容器技术大流行的时代，也是docker大流行的时代。 > > 此文章以一个简单的实例
渲染中...
## 简介
> 容器技术大流行的时代，也是docker大流行的时代。
>
> 此文章以一个简单的实例为基础，帮助大家学习和了解：如何使用`Dockerfile`指令构建一个`Springboot`的Java项目镜像。
提示：实例非常简单，旨在帮助大家了解基础知识，本文的知识在实际工作中肯定是不够用的，还需要自行根据实际情况去学习，感谢您的阅读。
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## 前期准备
### Docker环境
- Windows请安装`Docker Desktop`：https://docs.docker.com/desktop/install/windows-install/
- Linux请安装`Docker`：https://docs.docker.com/desktop/install/linux-install/
### Springboot项目
- 源码：[learn/java/docker-springboot at main · DingDangDog/learn (github.com)](https://github.com/DingDangDog/learn/tree/main/java/docker-springboot)
- Jar包下载地址：[docker-springboot-1.0.jar.zip](https://github.com/DingDangDog/learn/files/9702723/docker-springboot-1.0.jar.zip)
- Controller代码示例：
```java
package io.github.dingdangdog.controller;
import io.github.dingdangdog.utils.FileUtilOm;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* say hello
*
* @author DingDangDog
* @since 2022/10/4 11:13
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/say")
public class SayController {
@GetMapping("/hello")
public String hello(String name) {
System.out.println(name);
// 保存文件
FileUtilOm.saveFile("/tmp/", name, name);
return "Hello " + name + " !";
}
}
```
### Dockerfile文件
- 文件名必须为`Dockerfile`，无拓展名！！！请放在jar包同级目录下。文件内容如下：
```shell
# 基础镜像
FROM openjdk:8-jdk
# 作者声明，原为MAINTAINER，变更为LABEL
# MAINTAINER DingDangDog
LABEL author="DingDangDog"
# 容器卷设置
VOLUME /tmp
# 向基础镜像内添加文件，并重命名为`docker_boot.jar`
add docker-springboot-1.0.jar docker_boot.jar
# 执行前置脚本。据说是修改文件时间？不太明白具体作用，望有大佬指点迷津！
RUN bash -c 'touch /docker_boot.jar'
# 最终执行脚本
ENTRYPOINT ["java", "-jar", "/docker_boot.jar"]
# 暴露端口
EXPOSE 10240
```
**指令解析请参考文章：[Dockerfile基础一文通](https://oldmoon.top/post/11)**
## 实例操作
- 具体操作介绍了`Windows`和`Linux`两种方式。
### Windows
#### 要求
- 请阅读上面的**前期准备**
> 如下图，运行状态绿色为Docker正在正常运行
#### 构建镜像
- 在jar包所在文件夹下打开`cmd`命令行窗口，运行构建命令：
```shell
docker build -t docker_boot:1.0 .
```
命令解析：
- `docker build`：构建镜像
- `-t docker_boot:1.0` ：`-t`=`--tag`，指定镜像名称为`docker_boot`，版本为`1.0`
- `.` ：指定`Dockerfile`文件在当前文件夹下
- 构建成功日志如下：
```shell
[+] Building 76.3s (9/9) FINISHED
=> [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s
=> => transferring dockerfile: 254B 0.0s
=> [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s
=> => transferring context: 2B 0.0s
=> [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/openjdk:8-jdk 4.6s
=> [auth] library/openjdk:pull token for registry-1.docker.io 0.0s
=> [internal] load build context 0.1s
=> => transferring context: 19.65MB 0.1s
=> [1/3] FROM docker.io/library/openjdk:8-jdk@sha256:86e863cc57215cfb181bd319736d0baf625fe8f150577f9eb58bd937f5 70.8s
=> => resolve docker.io/library/openjdk:8-jdk@sha256:86e863cc57215cfb181bd319736d0baf625fe8f150577f9eb58bd937f54 0.0s
=> => sha256:86e863cc57215cfb181bd319736d0baf625fe8f150577f9eb58bd937f5452cb8 1.04kB / 1.04kB 0.0s
=> => sha256:3af2ac94130765b73fc8f1b42ffc04f77996ed8210c297fcfa28ca880ff0a217 1.79kB / 1.79kB 0.0s
=> => sha256:001c52e26ad57e3b25b439ee0052f6692e5c0f2d5d982a00a8819ace5e521452 55.00MB / 55.00MB 24.0s
=> => sha256:2068746827ec1b043b571e4788693eab7e9b2a95301176512791f8c317a2816a 10.88MB / 10.88MB 13.1s
=> => sha256:b273004037cc3af245d8e08cfbfa672b93ee7dcb289736c82d0b58936fb71702 7.81kB / 7.81kB 0.0s
=> => sha256:d9d4b9b6e964657da49910b495173d6c4f0d9bc47b3b44273cf82fd32723d165 5.16MB / 5.16MB 18.0s
=> => sha256:9daef329d35093868ef75ac8b7c6eb407fa53abbcb3a264c218c2ec7bca716e6 54.58MB / 54.58MB 43.2s
=> => sha256:d85151f15b6683b98f21c3827ac545188b1849efb14a1049710ebc4692de3dd5 5.42MB / 5.42MB 25.5s
=> => sha256:52a8c426d30b691c4f7e8c4b438901ddeb82ff80d4540d5bbd49986376d85cc9 210B / 210B 25.3s
=> => extracting sha256:001c52e26ad57e3b25b439ee0052f6692e5c0f2d5d982a00a8819ace5e521452 1.9s
=> => sha256:8754a66e005039a091c5ad0319f055be393c7123717b1f6fee8647c338ff3ceb 105.92MB / 105.92MB 68.4s
=> => extracting sha256:d9d4b9b6e964657da49910b495173d6c4f0d9bc47b3b44273cf82fd32723d165 0.2s
=> => extracting sha256:2068746827ec1b043b571e4788693eab7e9b2a95301176512791f8c317a2816a 0.2s
=> => extracting sha256:9daef329d35093868ef75ac8b7c6eb407fa53abbcb3a264c218c2ec7bca716e6 2.1s
=> => extracting sha256:d85151f15b6683b98f21c3827ac545188b1849efb14a1049710ebc4692de3dd5 0.2s
=> => extracting sha256:52a8c426d30b691c4f7e8c4b438901ddeb82ff80d4540d5bbd49986376d85cc9 0.0s
=> => extracting sha256:8754a66e005039a091c5ad0319f055be393c7123717b1f6fee8647c338ff3ceb 2.1s
=> [2/3] ADD docker-springboot-1.0.jar docker_boot.jar 0.3s
=> [3/3] RUN bash -c 'touch /docker_boot.jar' 0.4s
=> exporting to image 0.1s
=> => exporting layers 0.1s
=> => writing image sha256:0fcc9c262e90d6a05213ec432924e6835647d233a64ad0747cf7dd406a2a40bd 0.0s
=> => naming to docker.io/library/docker_boot:1.0 0.0s
Use 'docker scan' to run Snyk tests against images to find vulnerabilities and learn how to fix them
```
- 查看镜像
#### 启动测试
1. 启动容器
2. 调用测试
3. 查看本地文件：
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### Linux
#### 要求
- 请阅读上面的 **前期准备**
#### 构建镜像
- 在jar包所在文件夹下运行构建命令：
```shell
docker build -t docker_boot:1.0 .
```
解析：
- `docker build`：构建镜像
- `-t docker_boot:1.0` ：`-t`=`--tag`，指定镜像名称为`docker_boot`，版本为`1.0`
- `.` ：指定`Dockerfile`文件在当前文件夹下
- 构建成功日志：
```shell
Sending build context to Docker daemon 19.65MB
Step 1/7 : FROM openjdk:8-jdk
8-jdk: Pulling from library/openjdk
001c52e26ad5: Pull complete
d9d4b9b6e964: Pull complete
2068746827ec: Pull complete
9daef329d350: Pull complete
d85151f15b66: Pull complete
52a8c426d30b: Pull complete
8754a66e0050: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:86e863cc57215cfb181bd319736d0baf625fe8f150577f9eb58bd937f5452cb8
Status: Downloaded newer image for openjdk:8-jdk
---> b273004037cc
Step 2/7 : MAINTAINER DingDangDog
---> Running in 6b19d92591a8
Removing intermediate container 6b19d92591a8
---> 8a491c04d897
Step 3/7 : VOLUME /tmp
---> Running in 696221f7868c
Removing intermediate container 696221f7868c
---> ad7eff7b71e1
Step 4/7 : add docker-springboot-1.0.jar docker_boot.jar
---> 77eb15fd7557
Step 5/7 : RUN bash -c 'touch /docker_boot.jar'
---> Running in 0704d4fd8ab2
Removing intermediate container 0704d4fd8ab2
---> aa9e4ca18365
Step 6/7 : ENTRYPOINT ["java", "-jar", "/docker_boot.jar"]
---> Running in 78ae0e314f8f
Removing intermediate container 78ae0e314f8f
---> cb6f8c91f76c
Step 7/7 : EXPOSE 10240
---> Running in 697a7506c8c8
Removing intermediate container 697a7506c8c8
---> 20bafbe3127b
Successfully built 20bafbe3127b
Successfully tagged docker_boot:1.0
```
- 查看镜像`docker images`
#### 启动测试
1. 启动容器
```shell
docker run -v /var/local/docker/docker-boot-test/tmp:/tmp -p 10240:10240 -d --name docker_boot_test docker_boot:1.0
```
2. 调用测试
```shell
curl http://localhost:10240/say/hello?name=ddd
# Hello ddd !
```
3. 查看本地文件：
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